What are the effects of mitragynine?
In animal studies, the antinociceptive and cough-suppressant effects of mitragynine were comparable to those of codeine. In mice, 7-hydroxymitragynine was several times more potent analgesic than morphine even upon oral administration. Kratom is slightly toxic to animals.
How many mg of mitragynine in kratom?
Mitragynine was present in all samples indicating that the samples were derived from kratom. Samples 1–6 and 8 contained levels of mitragynine comparable to other commercial kratom products ranging from 3.35–11.33 mg mitragynine/g raw material while the content of mitragynine in sample 7 was much higher at 59.76 mg/g.
Whats the active ingredient in kratom?
The main active ingredients of kratom are the alkaloids mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine. There is evidence that these alkaloids can have analgesic (pain relieving), anti-inflammatory, or muscle relaxant effects.
What is mitragynine found in?
Mitragynine is an alkaloid found in the leaves of the South East Asian treeMitragyna speciosa. Kratom leaves are chewed, smoked, or consumed in tea. Leaves from this tree have traditionally been used for both their stimulant properties and as an opium substitute.
How strong is mitragynine compared to morphine?
Subcutaneously administered mitragynine was 66-fold less active than morphine. Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl was 3-fold more potent than morphine, and 7-hydroxymitragyinine was 5-fold more potent than morphine.
Is mitragynine toxic?
The referral toxicology laboratory reported an independently fatal concentration of mitragynine of 2500 ng/mL, based on previously published values from mixed drug toxicity case reports (range of 20-1060 ng/mL).
Is mitragynine more potent than morphine?
Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl was 3-fold more potent than morphine, and 7-hydroxymitragyinine was 5-fold more potent than morphine. Advantageously, mitragynine pseudoindoxyl caused less tolerance, respiratory depression, and inhibition of gastrointestinal motility than equianalgesic doses of morphine.