What is the structure of the yellow fever virus?

Mature YFV virions are icosahedral and comprise a nucleocapsid, composed of capsid (C) protein subunits, surrounded by a lipid bilayer derived from host membranes. The viral envelope is studded with dimers of envelope (E) glycoprotein and membrane (M) protein (Fig. 2).

How does yellow fever affect cells?

Yellow fever is a hemorrhagic condition that can lead to a high fever, bleeding into the skin, and cell death in the liver and kidneys. If enough liver cells die, liver damage occurs, leading to jaundice, a condition in which the skin takes on a yellowish color.

Is yellow fever a DNA or RNA virus?

Yellow fever virus is an RNA virus that belongs to the genus Flavivirus. It is related to West Nile, St. Louis encephalitis, and Japanese encephalitis viruses. Yellow fever virus is transmitted to people primarily through the bite of infected Aedes or Haemagogus species mosquitoes.

Is yellow fever virus enveloped?

Yellow fever virus (YFV) is an enveloped virus with a positive sense, single stranded RNA genome of 10,862 bases coding for a single ORF of 10,233 bp. This ORF encodes three structural proteins (Capsid, pM, and E) and seven non-structural proteins (NS1, NS2a, NS2b, NS3, NS4a, NS4b, NS5) [6].

What does yellow fever look like?

Yellowing of your skin and the whites of your eyes (jaundice) Abdominal pain and vomiting, sometimes of blood. Decreased urination. Bleeding from your nose, mouth and eyes.

What is the pathophysiology of yellow fever?

Yellow fever is caused by an arbovirus of the family Flaviviridae, a positive single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection begins after deposition of viral particles through the skin in infected arthropod saliva. The mosquitos involved are Aedes simpsaloni, A.

How many genes does yellow fever virus have?

YFV is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus with a genome of approximately 11 kb. Seven lineages have been identified: five in Africa (West Africa I and II, East Africa, East/Central Africa and Angola), and two in the Americas (South America I and II) (Bryant et al. 2007).

What is yellow fever scientific name?

YELLOW FEVER VIRUS (FLAVIVIRIDAE) Yellow fever virus is the prototype member of the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, and the virus after which the family and genus were named (flavus, Lat. yellow).

What is the virulence of yellow fever?

Yellow fever virus’s surface macromolecules are its main virulence factors and contribute to the entry, signaling and cell-cell interactions of the virus. The flavivirus E protein has many functions, but its role in binding, fusion and cell entry is most important.

What are the stages of yellow fever?

Stage 1 (infection): Headache, muscle and joint aches, fever, flushing, loss of appetite, vomiting, and jaundice are common. Symptoms often go away briefly after about 3 to 4 days. Stage 2 (remission): Fever and other symptoms go away. Most people will recover at this stage, but others may get worse within 24 hours.

Why is yellow fever called yellow fever?

Yellow fever is a viral disease that is transmitted by mosquitoes. Yellow fever can lead to serious illness and even death. It is called ‘yellow fever’ because in serious cases, the skin turns yellow in colour. This is known as ‘jaundice’.