What is the First Nations Land Management Act?

The First Nations Land Management Act (“FNLMA”), allows First Nations to enact and administer their own land codes. Until they enact a land code under the FNLMA, First Nations have to govern their reserve lands according to the Indian Act, which can be cumbersome, time consuming, and difficult.

What environmental and natural resource management legislation applies on reserve?

The Reserve Land and Environment Management Program (RLEMP) provides funding to First Nations to develop capacity to exercise increased responsibility over their reserve land, resources and environment under the Indian Act .

What is reserve land?

A reserve is land set aside by the Canadian government for use by First Nations. Reserves were created by treaties and other agreements signed between various Indigenous peoples and the Crown. These lands represent a small fraction of the traditional territories Indigenous peoples had before the signing of treaties.

How much land do First Nations own in Canada?

Indeed, while representing 4.9% of the total population, Indigenous peoples hold around 626 000 km² or 6.3% of the total landmass of Canada.

What did the First Nations land management Act of 1991 do?

In 1991, a group of First Nations leaders from across Canada came together to develop a proposal to allow First Nations to assume management of their own lands by withdrawing from certain sections of the Indian Act, the legislation that granted the federal government pervasive control over land management on reserves.

What is the Indian Act and how does it specifically affect business development on reserve land?

The Indian Act defines reserves as lands which have been set apart by the Crown for the use and benefit of a First Nation or an Indian Band.

How did Aboriginal people use natural resources?

Although a variety of resources were used to make tools and weapons, all clans had implements such as knives; spears for hunting, fishing, and fighting; boomerangs for hunting, ceremonies, and musical instruments; bowls for gathering, eating, and drinking; and clubs for ceremonies, fighting, and digging.

Who can live on reserve lands?

8) Can anyone live on a reserve? Generally, reserve residents are members of the Nation where they reside. According to the Indian Act, only registered Nation members may live permanently on a reserve unless the Nation has adopted a residency bylaw that regulates who has the right to live on the reserve.

Is reserve land Crown land?

(See also ​Métis Settlements​). Under the Indian Act, an Indian Reserve is land held by the Crown “for the use and benefit of the respective bands for which they were set apart” under treaties or other agreements. Many First Nations (Indian Bands) include several separate portions of land as their reserve.

Do natives want their land back?

There have been some successes – last December, congress passed legislation and restored ownership of all 19,000 acres of the national bison range in montana to the Salish and Kootenai tribes. But much of Native American lands ended up in private hands, and tribes are increasingly buying back that land.

What are the 3 main demands that indigenous peoples are asking the Canadian Government?

Indigenous peoples have traditionally pointed to three principal arguments to establish their rights: international law, the Royal Proclamation of 1763 (as well as treaties that have since followed) and common law as defined in Canadian courts.